The Malaria module in the Health Services Report will capture malaria health service delivery on a monthly basis. All service data will be disaggregated by channel: Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision. For franchise facilities and service delivery partners, only services that meet PSI’s criteria for service delivery through partners can be reported. Data are further disaggregated by age group: under five, over five years and unknown. Product data will further be disaggregated by product source (PSI product, non-PSI product and product source unknown). For detailed definitions of these channels and product sources, please see the common data elements definition page.
Why collect these data?
The malaria module collects service data related to fever case management including fever cases attended, fever cases tested for malaria, testing results and treatment outcomes. This module also captures indoor residual spraying of households for malaria prevention. This data is useful for a variety of programmatic and reporting applications:
Internally , these data will provide important trend data on service delivery at the global level. Programmatic trends help to identify both challenges and successes; areas that need greater attention and support as well as opportunities for platform-to-platform assistance. These data are also key inputs for proposals, further ensuring malaria program strengthening through new funding.
Externally , these data will allow PSI to leverage its network to contribute to global discussions about malaria service delivery and policy agenda, particularly in the private sector. These programmatic data, aggregated across all PSI malaria programs, can provide critical information about service delivery models that successfully contribute to international and national health goals.
Impact Estimation ( e.g. DALYs averted, deaths averted): In each table, we have noted where data will be used to estimate impact.
The table below outlines the module’s sections, tables and their corresponding data elements.
Section 1. Malaria Screening & Treatment | Data Elements |
| Table 1: Fever cases screened by channel | Fever cases attended Fever cases tested with microscopy Fever cases tested with RDTs |
| Table 2: Positive test results by channel | Positive RDTs Positive results reported to the national MIS Positive RDTs given first line treatment |
| Table 3: Treatment by channel | QAACTs provided QAACTs provided after confirmatory diagnosis Chloroquine/primaquine P.vivax treatment provided after confirmatory diagnosis |
| Table 1: Negative test results by channel | Negative RDTs Negative RDTs, no antimalarial given |
Section 2: Client age | Data elements |
| Table 1: Clients screened and treated for malaria by age | Fever cases attended Fever cases tested with microscopy Fever cases tested with RDTs Positive RDTs Positive results reported to the national MIS Positive RDTs given first line treatment QAACTs provided QAACTs provided after confirmatory diagnosis Chloroquine/primaquine P.vivax treatment provided after confirmatory diagnosis Negative RDTs Negative RDTs, no antimalarial given |
Section 3: Indoor residual spraying | Data Elements |
| Table 1: Indoor residual spraying | Households sprayed |
Each table and data element are described in further detail below.
Section 1. Malaria Screening & Treatment | Data Elements |
| Table 1: Fever cases screened by channel | Fever cases attended Fever cases tested with microscopy Fever cases tested with RDTs |
| Table 2: Positive test results by channel | Positive RDTs Positive results reported to the national MIS Positive RDTs given first line treatment |
| Table 3: Treatment by channel | QAACTs provided QAACTs provided after confirmatory diagnosis Chloroquine/primaquine P.vivax treatment provided after confirmatory diagnosis |
| Table 4: Negative test results by channel | Negative RDTs Negative RDTs, no antimalarial given |
| Data element: Fever cases attended by channel |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that were determined by the provider to be suspected malaria cases. |
| Precise Definitions: A suspected malaria case is a patient with fever or history of fever within the past 48 hours or axillary temperature ≥ 37.5 ° C with no other obvious cause of fever (WHO). All fever cases that are suspected of malaria should be included in this data element. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will provide insight into suspected malaria case loads and trends over time and help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Fever cases tested by microscopy by channel |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that were tested for malaria by microscopy |
| Precise Definitions: A patient with fever or history of fever within the past 48 hours or axillary temperature ≥ 37.5 ° C with no other obvious cause of fever should be suspected of malaria (WHO). All cases that were suspected of malaria and were tested for malaria by microscopy should be included in this data element. A malaria diagnostic test helps confirm presence or absence of malaria. Microscopy is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Light microscopy testing entails visualization of the malaria parasites in a thick or thin smear of the patient’s blood to confirm presence or absence of malaria. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P. falciparum and P.vivax. P. falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria testing rates for suspected malaria cases to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Fever cases tested by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) by channel |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that were tested for malaria by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) |
| Precise Definitions: A patient with fever or history of fever within the past 48 hours or auxillary temperature ≥ 37.5 ° C with no other obvious cause of fever should be suspected of malaria (WHO). All cases who were suspected of malaria and were tested for malaria by RDTs should be included in this data element. A malaria rapid diagnostic test is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P.falciparum and P.vivax. P.falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria testing trends for suspected malaria cases to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Positive rapid diagnostic test (RDT) cases by channel |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that tested positive for malaria by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). |
| Precise Definitions: This includes all fever cases that were tested by RDT and were found to be positive for malaria. A malaria rapid diagnostic test is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P. falciparum and P.vivax. P. falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria incidence over time to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Positive malaria cases reported to the national MIS by channel |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of confirmed malaria cases (detected by microscopy or RDT) that were reported to the national management information system (MIS) |
| Precise Definitions: This includes all cases that tested positive for malaria by either microscopy or RDT that were reported to the national MIS. Malaria surveillance involves the detection and reporting of malaria cases and deaths to the national malaria control bodies to help in effectively planning, monitoring and evaluating malaria control or elimination programs. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information helps to identify areas with high disease burden and to monitor disease trends. Reporting this data to the national MIS helps contribute towards the national malaria case surveillance efforts. |
| Data element: Positive rapid diagnostic test (RDT) cases given first line treatment by channel |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of positive malaria cases detected by RDT that were given the first line treatment for uncomplicated malaria according to the national policy. |
| Precise Definitions: This includes all fever cases that were tested by RDT and were found to be positive for malaria and that received the first line treatment for uncomplicated malaria. First-line treatment refers to the government-recommended treatment for uncomplicated malaria. WHO recommends artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) as first-line treatment of children and adults (except pregnant women in their first trimester) with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. The WHO recommends that P. vivax infections should be treated with chloroquine in areas where this medicine remains effective. In areas where chloroquine-resistant P. vivax has been identified, infections should be treated with an ACT, preferably one in which the partner medicine has a long half-life. In order to prevent relapses, primaquine should be added to the treatment; dose and frequency of the administration should be guided by the patient’s glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme activity. A malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P. falciparum and P.vivax. P. falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. It is also used to estimate impact e.g. DALYs averted. |
| Data element: QAACTs provided by service delivery channel and product source |
| Purpose: This data element records the total number of all full courses of quality-assured artemisinin-based combination therapies (QAACTs) that have been given to patients or cases regardless of their testing status i.e. whether tested or not, positive or negative for malaria. |
| Precise Definitions: "Quality-assured ACT" refers to a formulation of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) that has been approved by the WHO Prequalification Programme, which assures the safety, quality, and efficacy of medicinal products. They can also be referred to as ACTs that comply with the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria's Quality Assurance Policy. It is recommended that dosage regimens of ACTs be based on the patient's weight. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of full course QAACTs |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) Product source (PSI product, non-PSI product and product source unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring fever case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. |
| Data element: QAACTs provided after confirmatory malaria diagnosis by channel and product source |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of full courses of quality-assured artemisinin-based combination therapies (QAACTs) that have been given to cases that tested positive for malaria by either RDT or microscopy. |
| Precise Definitions: "Quality-assured ACT" refer to a formulation of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) that has been approved by the WHO Prequalification Programme, which assures the safety, quality, and efficacy of medicinal products. They can also be referred to as ACTs that comply with the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria's Quality Assurance Policy. To reduce the development and spread of drug resistance, antimalarials should only be administered to patients who truly have malaria (WHO). |
| Unit of Measure: Number of full course QAACTs |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) Product source (PSI product, non-PSI product and product source unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. It is also used to estimate impact e.g. DALYs averted. Data reported in the Product Source Unknown category will not be counted for health impact. |
| Data element: Chloroquine/primaquine P.vivax treatment provided after confirmatory diagnosis by channel and product source |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of full courses of chloroquine or primaquine treatment given to cases that tested positive for P. vivax malaria by either RDT or microscopy. |
| Precise Definitions: WHO recommends that uncomplicated P. vivax infections should be treated with chloroquine in areas where this medicine remains effective. To prevent relapse of P.vivax, primaquine is recommended for adults and children (except pregnant and breastfeeding women and infants) with no G6PD deficiency. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of full course P.vivax treatment (chloroquine and primaquine) |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) Product source (PSI product, non-PSI product and product source unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. It is also used to estimate impact e.g. DALYs averted. Data reported in the Product Source Unknown category will not be counted for health impact. |
| Data element: Negative rapid diagnostic test (RDT) cases by channel |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that tested negative for malaria by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). |
| Precise Definitions: This includes all fever cases that were tested by RDT and were found to be negative for malaria. A malaria rapid diagnostic test is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P. falciparum and P.vivax. P. falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring non-malaria fever trends over time to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Negative rapid diagnostic test (RDT) cases not given an antimalarial by channel |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that tested negative for malaria by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and did not receive any antimalarial. |
| Precise Definitions: To reduce the development and spread of drug resistance, antimalarials should only be administered to patients who truly have malaria (WHO). Therefore, patients who test negative for malaria should be assessed for other causes of fever and given appropriate treatment. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P.falciparum and P.vivax. P.falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Service delivery channel (Franchise Facilities, Service Delivery Partners, and PSI Direct Service Provision) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring fever case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. |
Section 2: Client age | Data elements |
| Table 1: Clients screened and treated for malaria by age | Fever cases attended Fever cases tested with microscopy Fever cases tested with RDTs Positive RDTs Positive results reported to the national MIS Positive RDTs given first line treatment QAACTs provided QAACTs provided after confirmatory diagnosis P.vivax treatment provided after confirmatory diagnosis Negative RDTs Negative RDTs, no antimalarial given |
| Data element: Fever cases attended by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that were determined by the provider to be suspected malaria cases. |
| Precise Definitions: A suspected malaria case is a patient with fever or history of fever within the past 48 hours or axillary temperature ≥ 37.5 ° C with no other obvious cause of fever (WHO). All fever cases that are suspected of malaria should be included in this data element. The age categories are based on standard international reporting guidelines for malaria as children under five years of age are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria especially in high transmission areas. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will provide insight into suspected malaria case loads and trends over time and help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Fever cases tested by microscopy by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that were tested for malaria by microscopy |
| Precise Definitions: A patient with fever or history of fever within the past 48 hours or axillary temperature ≥ 37.5 ° C with no other obvious cause of fever should be suspected of malaria (WHO). All cases that were suspected of malaria and were tested for malaria by microscopy should be included in this data element. A malaria diagnostic test helps confirm presence or absence of malaria. Microscopy is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Light microscopy testing entails visualization of the malaria parasites in a thick or thin smear of the patient’s blood to confirm presence or absence of malaria. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P. falciparum and P.vivax. P. falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. The age categories are based on standard international reporting guidelines for malaria as children under five years of age are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria especially in high transmission areas. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria testing rates for suspected malaria cases to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Fever cases tested by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that were tested for malaria by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) |
| Precise Definitions: A patient with fever or history of fever within the past 48 hours or axillary temperature ≥ 37.5 ° C with no other obvious cause of fever should be suspected of malaria (WHO). All cases who were suspected of malaria and were tested for malaria by RDTs should be included in this data element. A malaria rapid diagnostic test is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P.falciparum and P.vivax. P.falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. The age categories are based on standard international reporting guidelines for malaria as children under five years of age are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria especially in high transmission areas. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria testing trends for suspected malaria cases to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Positive rapid diagnostic test (RDT) cases by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that tested positive for malaria by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). |
| Precise Definitions: This includes all fever cases that were tested by RDT and were found to be positive for malaria. A malaria rapid diagnostic test is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P. falciparum and P.vivax. P. falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. The age categories are based on standard international reporting guidelines for malaria as children under five years of age are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria especially in high transmission areas. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria incidence over time to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Positive malaria cases reported to the national MIS by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of confirmed malaria cases (detected by microscopy or RDT) that were reported to the national management information system (MIS) |
| Precise Definitions: This includes all cases that tested positive for malaria by either microscopy or RDT that were reported to the national MIS. Malaria surveillance involves the detection and reporting of malaria cases and deaths to the national malaria control bodies to help in effectively planning, monitoring and evaluating malaria control or elimination programs. The age categories are based on standard international reporting guidelines for malaria as children under five years of age are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria especially in high transmission areas. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information helps to identify areas with high disease burden and to monitor disease trends. Reporting this data to the national MIS helps contribute towards the national malaria case surveillance efforts. |
| Data element: Positive rapid diagnostic test (RDT) cases given first line treatment by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of positive malaria cases detected by RDT that were given the first line treatment for uncomplicated malaria according to the national policy. |
| Precise Definitions: This includes all fever cases that were tested by RDT and were found to be positive for malaria and that received the first line treatment for uncomplicated malaria. First-line treatment refers to the government-recommended treatment for uncomplicated malaria. WHO recommends artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) as first-line treatment of children and adults (except pregnant women in their first trimester) with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. The WHO recommends that P. vivax infections should be treated with chloroquine in areas where this medicine remains effective. In areas where chloroquine-resistant P. vivax has been identified, infections should be treated with an ACT, preferably one in which the partner medicine has a long half-life. In order to prevent relapses, primaquine should be added to the treatment; dose and frequency of the administration should be guided by the patient’s glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme activity. A malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P. falciparum and P.vivax. P. falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. The age categories are based on standard international reporting guidelines for malaria as children under five years of age are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria especially in high transmission areas. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. |
| Data element: QAACTs provided by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the total number of all full courses of quality-assured artemisinin-based combination therapies (QAACTs) that have been given to patients or cases regardless of their testing status i.e. whether tested or not, positive or negative for malaria. |
| Precise Definitions: "Quality-assured ACT " refer to a formulation of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) that has been approved by the WHO Prequalification Programme, which assures the safety, quality, and efficacy of medicinal products. They can also be referred to as ACTs that comply with the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria's Quality Assurance Policy. It is recommended that dosage regimens of ACTs be based on the patient's weight. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of full course QAACTs |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring fever case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. |
| Data element: QAACTs provided after confirmatory malaria diagnosis by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of full courses of quality-assured artemisinin-based combination therapies (QAACTs) that have been given to cases that tested positive for malaria by either RDT or microscopy. |
| Precise Definitions: "Quality-assured ACT " refer to a formulation of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) that has been approved by the WHO Prequalification Programme, which assures the safety, quality, and efficacy of medicinal products. They can also be referred to as ACTs that comply with the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria's Quality Assurance Policy. To reduce the development and spread of drug resistance, antimalarials should only be administered to patients who truly have malaria (WHO). |
| Unit of Measure: Number of full course QAACTs |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. |
| Data element: Chloroquine/primaquine P.vivax treatment provided after confirmatory diagnosis by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of full courses of chloroquine or primaquine treatment given to cases that tested positive for P. vivax malaria by either RDT or microscopy. |
| Precise Definitions: WHO recommends that uncomplicated P. vivax infections should be treated with chloroquine in areas where this medicine remains effective. To prevent relapse of P.vivax, primaquine is recommended for adults and children (except pregnant and breastfeeding women and infants) with no G6PD deficiency. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of full course P.vivax treatment (chloroquine or primaquine) |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring malaria case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. |
| Data element: Negative rapid diagnostic test (RDT) cases by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that tested negative for malaria by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). |
| Precise Definitions: This includes all fever cases that were tested by RDT and were found to be negative for malaria. A malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) is one of the recommended tests used for malaria diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P. falciparum and P.vivax. P. falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring non-malaria fever trends over time to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly. |
| Data element: Negative rapid diagnostic test (RDT) cases not given an antimalarial by age |
| Purpose: This data element records the number of fever cases that tested negative for malaria by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and did not receive any antimalarial. |
| Precise Definitions: To reduce the development and spread of drug resistance, antimalarials should only be administered to patients who truly have malaria (WHO). Therefore, patients who test negative for malaria should be assessed for other causes of fever and given appropriate treatment. Rapid diagnostic testing entails detection of parasite-specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites that are present in the blood of infected individuals. Human malaria parasites of public health importance are P.falciparum and P.vivax. P.falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite on the African continent while P.vivax is the dominant malaria parasite in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Unit of Measure: Number of cases |
| Disaggregated by: Age group (0-5, >5 years, Unknown) For common data element definitions see common data elements definition page. |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring fever case management practices to help programs plan and provide adequate services accordingly and improve quality and performance. |
Section 3: Indoor residual spraying | Data Elements |
| Table 1: Indoor residual spraying | Households sprayed |
| Data element: Households sprayed with a residual insecticide for malaria |
| Purpose: This data element records the total number of households sprayed indoors with a residual insecticide for malaria control |
| Precise Definitions: Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is one of the malaria control interventions and involves the spraying of residual insecticide on the interior walls of homes or structures to kill mosquitoes, thereby interrupting malaria transmission. Its full potential is realized when at least 80% of houses in targeted areas are sprayed (WHO). |
| Unit of Measure: Number of households |
| Disaggregated by: N/A |
| Justification/Management Utility: This information will help in monitoring IRS coverage and to an extent, the proportion of the population that is protected in the project target area. This will also help programs plan and allocate resources accordingly. It is also used to estimate impact e.g. DALYs averted. |